Pronoun : Kinds of Pronoun

 1.Personal Pronouns

The personal Pronouns are so called because they stand for the three persons-
1. The pronouns which refer to the person or persons speaking are called Pronouns of the first Persons; as, I, we, me, us, mine, ours.
2.The Pronouns which refer to the person or persons spoken to are called Pronouns of the Second person; as, thou, thee, you, yours.
3.The Pronouns which refer to the person or thing spoken of are called Pronouns of the third person; as, he, she, him, her, hers, they, them, theirs, it.

 2.Reflexive and Emphasising Pronouns

I blame myself for it.
2.We often talk to ourselves.
3.You will hurt yourself.
4. You will enjoy yourselves, boys.
In these above sentences-The pronouns myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, itself, behave like objects to the verbs, but they refer to the same persons as the subjects of the verbs. Such pronouns are called Reflexive Pronouns.
1. I myself was there.
2. We ourselves served the guests.
3. You must do it yourselves.
4. Boys, you yourselves wanted this.
In these above sentences -the pronouns myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, itself, are used with a noun or pronoun for the sake of emphasis. They are therefore, called Emphasising Pronouns.

3.DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS:-

1.This is my pencil.
2. These are my books.
3. That is my house.
4. Those are your books.
In the above sentences this, these, that, those are used to point out the object or objects for which they are used. This and These refer to things near at hand; that and those refer to things lying at a distance. They are, therefore, called Demonstrative Pronouns.
Examine the words printed in thick type in the following sentences:-
1. This is my pencil.  (Dem. Pronoun)
2. This pencil is mine. (Dem. Adjective)
3.That is my book.     (Dem. Pronoun)
4.That book is mine.   (Dem. Adjective)
5.These are your pens.   (Dem. Pronoun)
6. These pens are yours.   (Dem. Adjective)
7. Those are her dogs.    (Dem. Pronoun)
8. Those dogs are hers.   (Dem. Adjective)
So we see that this, that, these, those, work as Adjectives, not as Pronouns, when they are placed before Nouns.

4. Indefinite pronouns:- 

Read the following sentences:-

1. All are not happy.
2. Some are born great.
3.Many are poor.
4. One cannot believe it.
5. Few are rich.
6. Do good to others.
In the above sentences, the Pronouns all, some, many,few, one, none, others, refer to persons or things in a general way. They do not refer to any particular person or thing. Such Pronouns are called Indefinite Pronouns.

5. Distributive Pronouns:-

Read the following sentences-

1. Each of the girls was given a rose.
2. Either of the two pends will do.
3. Neither of the statements is true.
In the above sentences, the Pronouns each,either, neither, refer to a number of persons or things, one at a time. Such Pronouns are called  Distributive Pronouns.
These Pronouns are always Singular and as such are  always followed by a Verb in the Singular.
In the following sentences each, either and neither are used as Adjectives. In such cases they are followed by Singular Nouns.
1. Each boy received a reward.
2. At either end of the road was a lamp.
3. Neither of the statement is true.

6. Interrogative Pronouns

Read these sentences-

1. Who made that noise?

2. What is the matter?

3. Which is your book?

4. Whom do you want to see?

The pronouns who, what, which, whom, are used for asking questions. Pronouns used for asking questions are called Interrogative Pronouns.

Who, whom and whose are used for asking questions about persons.

What is used for asking questions about things.

Which is used for asking a question about the particular person or thing; as 

Which Is the cleverest boy here?   (Person)

Which is the best book?    (Thing)

Read carefully-

1. Which way shall we take? (Interrogative Adjective)

2. Which is your pen?    (Interrogative Pronoun)

3. What books has he selected?  (Interrogative Adjective)

4. What shall we do now?  (Interrogative Pronoun)

So we see that many of the words  which work as Pronouns can also be used as Adjectives when they are placed before Nouns.

7. Relative Pronouns-

Read the following pairs of sentences-

1.This is the man. He stole my purse.

   This is the man who stole my purse.

2. This is the boy. His nature is good.

    This is the boy whose nature is good.

3. This is the boy. The teacher praised him.

    This is the boy whom the teacher praised.

4. This is the house. Jack built it.

    This is the house that Jack built.
5. This is the horse. It won the race.
    This is the horse which won the race.
The pronouns who, whom, whose, which and that, which join two sentences and refer back to Nouns going before them, are called Relative Pronouns.
The Noun to which a Relative Pronoun refers or relates is called its Antecedent.
Use of the Relative Pronouns
Who is used for persons only. It may refer to a Singular or Plural Noun or Pronoun; as
1. The boy who works hard succeeds.
2. The women who saw the tricks were surprised.
3. He who is honest is loved by all.
4. They never fail who die for a great cause.
Which is used for animals and things without life. It may refer to  a Singular or plural Noun; as
1. The horse which won the race is Anuj's.
2. The horses which we bought are not good.
3. The book which  you gave me is interesting.
4. The pens which we lost have been found.
That is used for persons, animals and things. It may refer to a Singular or Plural Noun; as
1. He is the wisest man that ever lived.
2. These are the boys that can be trusted.
3. This is the horse that I want to buy.
4. These are the books that I have read.
5. This is the ring that I lost yesterday.